1. A music video has music played over moving images, in length it is like a short film.
- Can be live action or animated (Gorillaz) or a mixture (Madonna's Music)
(can't really apply animated music videos)
2. Mostly music videos will be done for singles, but other songs can also have a music video and a single doesn't always necessarily need to have a music video released with it.
3. Either the music is sung to, there is lip-synching, or it isn't. When it is this can vary in how many times, can be very little like in Halsey's Colors, and the performer singing can be onscreen while not singing (or join in and out like in Depeche Mode's Never Let Me Down and Lana Del Rey's High By The Beach). Or they can appear at the end after a narrative without them like in Kraftklub's Fenster (speed ahead)
4. However even when there is no singing, the sound will often dictate the editing.
Relationship between the emotions and atmosphere conveyed by the music and the visuals.
5. Doesn't have to include the band, even sometimes when there is lip-synching, it can be done by a different actor playing a character (Cro's Easy)
6. The relationship between the content of the the lyrics and the visuals.
If it is a concept album there will be the same characters in the all the videos (David Bowie and even with Ivy Levan all four songs on an EP have a music video, some even refer to each other with flashbacks. Halsey has a concept album, see 9
7. What is appearing more and more are diegetic intros, outros and interludes.
8. Also some have the song played at the beginning or the end, this can be part of the diegetic intro/outro (Kendrick Lamar's Alright and DNA, Green Day at the beginning, Halsey's New Americana at the end)
9. If it is a solo artist then they will however often be central, they will be playing different characters, although some might be more or less the same, like with Lana Del Rey where she often is a mysterious, love-lust, almost suffering, however someone like Halsey plays multiple characters in multiple times and locations (Badlands). Although with Hopeless Fountain Kingdom. Is Kendrick Lamar constantly playing himself, working-class rapper and (gangster) in urban locations
10. If the solo artist has a backing band, then they will often also be in the video, though the solo artist will be more visible (Backing band was in David Bowie's John I'm Only Dancing, The Jean Genie but not in Space Oddity and Life On Mars. In Life On Mars particular even though he had the same red hair colour, the song was of a different character, so his costume changed, he was much more solo then.
11. However just like with backing bands, in normal bands even though it is supposed to be a "democracy", the lead singer will often be signified as the lead, even if for example he is not the writer like with Depeche Mode.
Example: In Suede's Beautiful Ones the entrance of the lead singer, Brett Anderson, is subtly built up by showing all the band members before he enters onto the screen and starts singing.
12. Like all media texts there will be intertextual references. to film, TV, literature, other music videos, both that was already in the lyrics and was not.
Goodwin marked this out as special for music videos. But didn't Kristeva say all media texts are linked? How is it then special for music videos? For even other media texts are referencing music videos nowadays, for example Ashes To Ashes's homage to Uptown Girl.
LITERATURE
- David Bowie's Look Back In Anger, based on Oscar Wilde's The Picture Of Dorian Gray (no links to the play by John Osborne)
FILM
- Robbie Williams's Millennium A sort of nostalgic celebration and parody of the early James Bond films like Thunderball and From Russia With Love
TV
- Sia's Cheap Thrills Referencing the origin of music video ironically, the narrative is like old music shows American Bandstand and The Buddy Deane Show
13. Genre characteristics, Goodwin said they are linked to the music genres, he said there had been too much focus by theorist on applying genres of film, television and literature.
Electronic Dance Music, conventional emphasis on dance.
However, genres from film and TV that have their origins in literature can be found in music video:
Zombie: Michael Jackson's Thriller, Bring Me The Horizon's Follow You, Kraftklub's Fenster
Sci-Fi: Katy Perry's E.T.
Dystopia: David Bowie's The Heart's Filfthy Lesson, Kraftklub's Fenster, Halsey's New Americana (the whole album is her dysfunction expressed as a dystopia)
Romance: Carly's Call Me Maybe, You're Not Alone
13. Goodwin also said there are several notions of looking (screens within screens: Depeche Mode's Stripped, mirrors, stages, other reflections
14. There might even be archive footage of real events or other media texts put in (Queen's Radio Gaga) or it might purely consist of that (Queen/David Bowie's Under Pressure, David Bowie's I'd Rather Be High has a few seconds of performance from Bowie but its nearly all archive footage of war).
Or it could be archive footage of their own work (Queen's The Show Must Go On). There are some cases where the audience have made these through UGC (Depeche Mode and Kate Tempest's about Europe)
15. There have been many more music videos shot in black and white then there have been films shot in black and white since colour was introduced.
16. Representing reality, there can often be actual human talking seen both without singing (Bronski Beat's Small Town Boy, Mojo's Lady (Hear Me Tonight)) and with singing (Halsey's Colors, even the band can be doing it separate from the narrative like in Depeche Mode's Strangelove, although was that outtakes?)
17. Performance and Narrative, they are sometimes separated, there can be a location where the act is singing on their own (in Maroon 5' Sugar, lead singer also sings individually without his band in some segments, in Halsey's Colors she is just singing in
In One Republic's Counting Stars the performance and narrative/concept segments are brought/revealed to be together (can you apply Todorov's theories to that)
18. The length will usually want to stay between three and five minutes. For singles there will frequently be a radio edit released as the single and a longer version on the full album. Mostly the music video will always use the radio edit version.
Examples: Daft Punk's All Around The World and Sigala's Give Me Your Love.
Or like Daft Punk's Get Lucky there will be two videos for both the single and the album version.
However there are examples for music videos that use tracks that are
19. For the task I have to do using a previous track for a music video promoting a compilation album, that is not so common if not extremely rare, often instead there will be one new single released with a music video and added to all the tracks collected there is an example like Army of Lovers's Crucified, for which they released a 2013 version with the same track (however it was mainly a performance video mixed with a large amount of montage clips).
20. There can often be silences at the beginning and/or end, instead of diegesis
Depeche Mode's Shake The Disease.
Kendrick Lamar's HUMBLE
Other Examples.
Examples where it immediately starts with the track, not a second of silence:
Depeche Mode's I Feel You
Bring Me The Horizon's Throne
OneRepublic Love Runs Out
OneRepublic Counting Stars
21. TITLES
Mostly at the beginning
Track, then act, then director
Can be called a film by the act or the director
can promote the album (Robin Schulz: "from the album")
- Can be live action or animated (Gorillaz) or a mixture (Madonna's Music)
(can't really apply animated music videos)
2. Mostly music videos will be done for singles, but other songs can also have a music video and a single doesn't always necessarily need to have a music video released with it.
3. Either the music is sung to, there is lip-synching, or it isn't. When it is this can vary in how many times, can be very little like in Halsey's Colors, and the performer singing can be onscreen while not singing (or join in and out like in Depeche Mode's Never Let Me Down and Lana Del Rey's High By The Beach). Or they can appear at the end after a narrative without them like in Kraftklub's Fenster (speed ahead)
4. However even when there is no singing, the sound will often dictate the editing.
Relationship between the emotions and atmosphere conveyed by the music and the visuals.
5. Doesn't have to include the band, even sometimes when there is lip-synching, it can be done by a different actor playing a character (Cro's Easy)
6. The relationship between the content of the the lyrics and the visuals.
If it is a concept album there will be the same characters in the all the videos (David Bowie and even with Ivy Levan all four songs on an EP have a music video, some even refer to each other with flashbacks. Halsey has a concept album, see 9
7. What is appearing more and more are diegetic intros, outros and interludes.
8. Also some have the song played at the beginning or the end, this can be part of the diegetic intro/outro (Kendrick Lamar's Alright and DNA, Green Day at the beginning, Halsey's New Americana at the end)
9. If it is a solo artist then they will however often be central, they will be playing different characters, although some might be more or less the same, like with Lana Del Rey where she often is a mysterious, love-lust, almost suffering, however someone like Halsey plays multiple characters in multiple times and locations (Badlands). Although with Hopeless Fountain Kingdom. Is Kendrick Lamar constantly playing himself, working-class rapper and (gangster) in urban locations
10. If the solo artist has a backing band, then they will often also be in the video, though the solo artist will be more visible (Backing band was in David Bowie's John I'm Only Dancing, The Jean Genie but not in Space Oddity and Life On Mars. In Life On Mars particular even though he had the same red hair colour, the song was of a different character, so his costume changed, he was much more solo then.
11. However just like with backing bands, in normal bands even though it is supposed to be a "democracy", the lead singer will often be signified as the lead, even if for example he is not the writer like with Depeche Mode.
Example: In Suede's Beautiful Ones the entrance of the lead singer, Brett Anderson, is subtly built up by showing all the band members before he enters onto the screen and starts singing.
12. Like all media texts there will be intertextual references. to film, TV, literature, other music videos, both that was already in the lyrics and was not.
Goodwin marked this out as special for music videos. But didn't Kristeva say all media texts are linked? How is it then special for music videos? For even other media texts are referencing music videos nowadays, for example Ashes To Ashes's homage to Uptown Girl.
LITERATURE
- David Bowie's Look Back In Anger, based on Oscar Wilde's The Picture Of Dorian Gray (no links to the play by John Osborne)
FILM
- Robbie Williams's Millennium A sort of nostalgic celebration and parody of the early James Bond films like Thunderball and From Russia With Love
TV
- Sia's Cheap Thrills Referencing the origin of music video ironically, the narrative is like old music shows American Bandstand and The Buddy Deane Show
13. Genre characteristics, Goodwin said they are linked to the music genres, he said there had been too much focus by theorist on applying genres of film, television and literature.
Electronic Dance Music, conventional emphasis on dance.
However, genres from film and TV that have their origins in literature can be found in music video:
Zombie: Michael Jackson's Thriller, Bring Me The Horizon's Follow You, Kraftklub's Fenster
Sci-Fi: Katy Perry's E.T.
Dystopia: David Bowie's The Heart's Filfthy Lesson, Kraftklub's Fenster, Halsey's New Americana (the whole album is her dysfunction expressed as a dystopia)
Romance: Carly's Call Me Maybe, You're Not Alone
13. Goodwin also said there are several notions of looking (screens within screens: Depeche Mode's Stripped, mirrors, stages, other reflections
14. There might even be archive footage of real events or other media texts put in (Queen's Radio Gaga) or it might purely consist of that (Queen/David Bowie's Under Pressure, David Bowie's I'd Rather Be High has a few seconds of performance from Bowie but its nearly all archive footage of war).
Or it could be archive footage of their own work (Queen's The Show Must Go On). There are some cases where the audience have made these through UGC (Depeche Mode and Kate Tempest's about Europe)
15. There have been many more music videos shot in black and white then there have been films shot in black and white since colour was introduced.
16. Representing reality, there can often be actual human talking seen both without singing (Bronski Beat's Small Town Boy, Mojo's Lady (Hear Me Tonight)) and with singing (Halsey's Colors, even the band can be doing it separate from the narrative like in Depeche Mode's Strangelove, although was that outtakes?)
17. Performance and Narrative, they are sometimes separated, there can be a location where the act is singing on their own (in Maroon 5' Sugar, lead singer also sings individually without his band in some segments, in Halsey's Colors she is just singing in
In One Republic's Counting Stars the performance and narrative/concept segments are brought/revealed to be together (can you apply Todorov's theories to that)
18. The length will usually want to stay between three and five minutes. For singles there will frequently be a radio edit released as the single and a longer version on the full album. Mostly the music video will always use the radio edit version.
Examples: Daft Punk's All Around The World and Sigala's Give Me Your Love.
Or like Daft Punk's Get Lucky there will be two videos for both the single and the album version.
However there are examples for music videos that use tracks that are
19. For the task I have to do using a previous track for a music video promoting a compilation album, that is not so common if not extremely rare, often instead there will be one new single released with a music video and added to all the tracks collected there is an example like Army of Lovers's Crucified, for which they released a 2013 version with the same track (however it was mainly a performance video mixed with a large amount of montage clips).
20. There can often be silences at the beginning and/or end, instead of diegesis
Depeche Mode's Shake The Disease.
Kendrick Lamar's HUMBLE
Other Examples.
Examples where it immediately starts with the track, not a second of silence:
Depeche Mode's I Feel You
Bring Me The Horizon's Throne
OneRepublic Love Runs Out
OneRepublic Counting Stars
21. TITLES
Mostly at the beginning
Track, then act, then director
Can be called a film by the act or the director
can promote the album (Robin Schulz: "from the album")
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